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1. Soil Microbes Are Critical to Maintaining Soil Fertility in the Great PlainsSoil in the Great Plains is known to be susceptible to wind and water erosion due to moisture deficits throughout the region that limit soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation that helps form stable soil structure. Conservation management practices like reduced tillage are emphasized to maintain SOM that provides habitat for soil microbes to perform ecosystem services related to nutrient cycling and soil aggregation to increase resistance to erosion and maintain fertile topsoil. Soils under lo... W. Roper, V. Acosta-martinez, J. Moore, M. Mikha, D.K. Manter, C.E. Stewart, R.M. Lehman, M.A. Liebig, V.L. Jin |
2. Effects of Fertilizer Nitrogen Management on Biomass, Oil, and Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Peppermint in Nebraska PanhandlePeppermint (Mentha pipperita) is an aromatic perennial herb that contains aromatic oil, primarily menthol. Irrigated peppermint production requires large nitrogen (N) input, which is often higher than for irrigated corn. Therefore, if not managed properly, mint production has a high potential for N losses, including nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Nitrous oxide is a major greenhouse gas and the most important ozone-depleting emission. Increasing N2O emissions fro... B. Maharjan, S. Desilva |
3. Composted Manure Impacts on Organic Wheat Production in the Northern Great PlainsMontana leads the nation in organic production of small-grain crops including wheat (Triticum spp.). A major challenge faced by dryland farmers when growing wheat organically is supplying adequate N for optimum wheat yield and quality. A onetime application of composted manure at four rates (0, 5.6, 11, and 22 tons/acre) vs. annual applications of urea based on soil test results when growing wheat in wheat/fallow and wheat + biennial sweetclover [(Melilotus officinalis&... P. Carr, M.M. Volkman |
4. Combined Nitrogen with Magnesium or Zinc Effects on Sugarbeet Yield Sucrose Concentration, and Nutrient Uptake Under Conventional and No-till SystemsSugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is an important cash crop in the Lower Yellowstone River valley. Fertility, especially nitrogen (N) fertilizer, management is critical for sugar beet yield and sucrose concentration. While farmers are switching from a conventional tillage method to a no-till system for sugar beet cultivation, nitrogen (N) fertilizer application timing might need to be adjusted. Furthermore, micronutrients may enhance sugar beet yield and sucrose concentration. A tw... C. Chen, M. Etesami, M. Abdelhamid |
5. Nitrogen Fertilizer and Rhizobium Combinations to Improve Yield and Quality of Mung Bean and Adzuki Bean in MontanaMung bean and adzuki bean are new alternative grain legumes that may be grown in Montana and provide benefits to Montana’s cropping systems by improving long-term diversification and productivity. The objective of this study was to investigate mung bean and adzuki bean response to nitrogen fertilizer and rhizobium combinations to determine the optimum fertilizer management. Two adzuki bean (Organic and O.R varieties) and two mung bean (Organic and L.N varieties) cultivars were grown und... M. Etesami, F. Etemadi, T. Gross, B. Franck, C. Chen, C. Kowatch-carlson, S. Franck |
6. Long-term Tillage with Winter Wheat Grain Yield in Dryland Cropping SystemLong-term studies are important to improve our understanding and evaluate the sustainability of management practices while mitigating climate change. This study evaluated the winter-wheat grain yield stability under long-term tillage practices. Yield stability was assessed using squared deviation from regression (S2d). This study of winter wheat-fallow rotation was established in 1970 within the High Plains Agricultural Laboratory (HPAL) near Sidney, Nebraska (NE) on Duroc... M. Mikha, C. Creech, L. Aula, A. Easterly |
7. Agronomic Evaluation of Camelina Genotypes Selected for Yield, Oil Concentration, and NUEIn recent years, camelina (Camelina sativa L.) has received global recognition for its role as a biofuel crop and multipurpose addition to cereal-based farming systems in the Northern Great Plains (NGP). The present study objected to investigative the response of selected camelina cultivars, line 229, line 35, line 53, Suneson, and Check1 to nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) inputs in terms of biomass, yield, seed oil content, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) at five nitrogen (N) rates, r... M. Etesami, C. Chen, B. Franck, S. Franck, C. Lu |
8. Dual-purpose Cover Crop and Occasional Tillage Effects on Crop Yields and Soil Properties in a No-tillage Wheat-sorghum-fallow RotationReplacing fallow with dual-purpose cover crops (CCs) could enhance soil health and increase cropping system profitability when CCs are grazed or hayed. Grazing and/or haying CCs can provide an economic benefit to offset potential lost revenue when grain crop yields are decreased after CCs in dry years. However, producers are concerned about the potential for root-limiting soil compaction following grazing on no-till (NT) fields, which could limit subsequent grain crop yields and require tilla... L. Simon, A. Obour, J. Holman, S.K. Johnson, K. Roozeboom |
9. Soil Properties and Winter Wheat Nutrient Uptake As Affected by Long-term Tillage and Nitrogen FertilizationKnowledge gained on the long-term effects of crop management practices on soil fertility is critical in developing nutrient management strategies to optimize crop yields and environmental sustainability in semi-arid cropping systems. This study examined the long-term effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizer management and tillage intensity [conventional tillage (CT), and no-tillage (NT)] on soil properties and nutrient uptake in a dryland wheat-sorghum-fallow cropping system. Results showed winter ... A. Obour, J. Holman, L. Simon, Y.M. Assefa |
10. Lime Management in the Semi-arid Regions of the USSoil acidity is increasing in the semi-arid regions of the US; however, questions exist about the efficacy of different liming products to raise soil pH and how long the lime benefits last. Therefore, we conducted two studies: 1) To monitor the efficacy of three liming products: sugarbeet lime (tilled and non-tilled), prilled lime (seed-placed), and aglime (tilled) to improve soil pH and crop yields at two sites in Montana and 2) To evaluate how different sugarbeet lime rates perform to mitig... M. Rakkar, C. Jones, P. Miller, K. Mcvay, R. Engel |
11. Effect of Seeding Rate on Annual Warm Season Forage Yield and Plant StructureDue to the decline of the Ogallala Aquifer and reduced irrigation capacity, there is growing interest in more water-efficient cropping systems in the semi-arid central Great Plains. To support the region’s livestock industry, there is increased interest in forages because they use water more efficiently than grain crops. However, there is insufficient information on summer annual forage seeding rates in the range of environments encountered in the region. The objective of this study was... J. Holman, N. Detter, A. Obour, P. Tamea |
12. Summer Annual Legumes: Yield Potential and Water UseDue to the decline of the Ogalla Aquifer and reduced irrigation capacity, there is a growing interest in more water-efficient cropping systems in the semi-arid central Great Plains. One of the most water-intense crops grown on the semi-arid central Great Plains is alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Alfalfa is grown for its nutritive value and protein, which is highly desired by cow/calf, feed yards, and dairies of the central and southern Great Plains. The purpose of this study was to eva... J. Holman, N. Detter, A. Obour, L. Haag, K. Roozeboom |
13. Nitrogen Management in Semi-arid Conservation Cotton Production SystemsThe Southern High Plains (SHP) region of Texas is one of the largest cotton-producing regions in the United States. Cotton production is hindered by climatic conditions and wind erosion, but attempts have been made to adopt conservation management practices like cover crops and crop rotations to limit these effects. Conservation management practices can reduce a soil’s susceptibility to wind erosion, but their adoption has been limited on the SHP due to producers’ concerns regardi... J. Burke, K. Lewis, W. Keeling, W. Keeling |
14. Developing Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertigation Strategies in CottonSubsurface drip irrigation (SDI) is becoming a popular option for maximizing the water use efficiency of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), especially in semi-arid environments of the Midsouth and Western United States. In the Texas High Plains where underground water resources from the Ogallala Aquifer are rapidly declining, there is increased adoption of water conservation technologies like center pivot and drip irrigation. In addition to increased water efficiency, drip irrigation allow... K. Lewis, H. Valencia, T. Roberts, J. Burke, G. Ritchie |
15. Relationship Between Soil Health and Nutrient Availability in Semi-arid Cotton ProductionThe use of conservation management practices, like cover crops and no-tillage, is common in semi-arid cropping systems to reduce wind erosion. However, the use of these practices can also reduce cotton lint yield. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of nitrogen (N) management in conservation cropping systems to increase cotton lint yield. Two experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Complex for Advanced Research and Extension Systems in Lamesa, TX, USA. The first exper... J. Burke, K. Lewis, J. Foster |
16. Cover Crops in Semi-arid Dryland Winter Wheat (Triticum Aestivum, L.) Fallow Rotation, a Farmer Collaboration StudyWinter wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.) (WW) is a primary dryland crop in semi-arid southeastern Wyoming. Incorporating cover crops (CC) to a WW-fallow rotation can help improve soil health. Local producers have been exploring the possibilities of using CC, but little is known about the CC impacts on soil moisture, plant available nitrogen (N) and competition with weeds in this region. A collaborative study with two dryland organic WW producers was launched in 2020. FARM 1 was planted to a CC mi... E. Moore, U. Norton |
17. Advancing Precision Nitrogen Management in Agriculture: a Multifaceted ApproachAdvancing precision nitrogen management in agriculture involves achieving a balance between maximizing crop yield and minimizing environmental impact. Traditional nitrogen management approaches often lead to inefficiencies, contributing to environmental issues such as nitrous oxide emissions and nitrogen runoff. Significant challenges persist in quantifying factors influencing nitrogen dynamics in the soil-plant-atmosphere system, including landscape positions, soil properties, weather patter... W. Guo, R. Karn, K. Lewis |
18. Effect of Extractant pH on Exchangeable Cation Determination Using Ammonium Acetate and Mehlich-3Neutral pH ammonium acetate (1N NH4OAC, pH 7.0) is a standard soil test extractant for exchangeable cation concentrations. However, the concentrations may be artificially inflated for alkaline soils, especially those that are highly calcareous. The same effect potentially occurs with the Mehlich-3 extractant (Meh3, pH 2.5). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of pH on exchangeable base cation soil test concentrations. Soil samples from the High Plains region were ran... F. Vocasek, B. Hopkins |
19. Experience with Using the Sikora-2 Soil/buffer pH Method in the Great PlainsThe acreage of acidic soils in the Great Plains continues to increase from long-term cropping and fertilizer nitrogen use. Acidic soils developed initially in dryland fields and/or in areas dominated by sandy soils, but are now relatively common in irrigated systems and finer-textured soils. A typical method used in the Great Plains states had been to determine soil pH in a 1:1 soil:water slurry and, when required, to determine exchangeable acidity using the SMP buffer solution. The buffer pH... F. Vocasek, S. Harrold |
20. Comparative Analysis of Resource Partitioning and Nutrient Uptake Efficiencies in Modern Cotton CultivarsUnderstanding the complex process of resource partitioning within the plant provides prospects to develop new crop improvement strategies for varying environmental factors and agronomic practices. In upland cotton, the partitioning of dry matter is as crucially important as that of macronutrients and micronutrients in improving productivity. This presentation highlights research works pertaining to the changes in macronutrient and micronutrient uptake and partitioning alongside the remar... I. Pabuayon, K. Lewis, G. Ritchie |
21. Side-dress Applied ESN Reduces N2O Compared with Single Urea Application for Irrigated CornEnhanced efficiency fertilizer (poly coated urea, may reduce soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions while maintaining or increasing crop yields. However, further increases in N fertilizer efficiency may be attainable with a starter fertilizer application followed by side-dressed EEF. We monitored soil N2O using surface chambers from three N treatments [202 kg N ha-1 single application of urea, 34 kg N ha-1 starter urea combined with 168 kg N... S. Del grosso, J. Delgado, C.E. Stewart |
22. Shining Light on Novel Pathways for Potassium Fixation in SoilCotton has a high demand for potassium, and potassium significantly affects both cotton yield and fiber quality. Thus, bioavailability of potassium from the soil is paramount. Bioavailability and leaching of potassium to crops and from soils has been studied since the 1940s. However, problems that confronted agronomists in the 1980s continue to impact growers and crop production, including unpredictable potassium bioavailability and inconsistent plant response to fertilizer application under ... M. Siebecker, K. Coyle, T. Pham, I. Saldana haworth, E. Schmidt, A. Sharma, K. Lewis |
23. Implications of Nutrient and pH Stratification in No-tillStratification of non-mobile nutrients in no-till is not a surprising result. However, this presentation will share the findings of soil sampling a series of long-term NPK fertility studies which have been in no-till production for more than ten years. This data set includes a non-treated check. Beyond stratification of nutrients we found significant stratification of OM, soil acidity, and Al3+. The impacts of stratification in a production system will be discussed along with potential proble... B. Arnall, R. Sharry |
24. Recent 2-Row Malting Barley Nitrogen Rate Revision for North DakotaAs the demand of two-row malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) increases, having sound nitrogen (N) recommendations is increasingly necessary. Not only does N play a role in grain yield, but it may also significantly impact grain malting characteristics including protein, plump, and test weight. To determine the impacts N rate and N availability have on two-row malting barley, two experimental sites were established in both Spring 2020 and 2021. The experiments were organized as a rand... D. Franzen, B. Goettl |
25. Advancements in Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer Recommendations in North Dakota Over the Past 30 YearsBeginning my career at NDSU as Extension Soil Specialist June 13, 1994, I inherited the obligation of periodically revisiting crop nutrient recommendations and determining whether adjustments were needed. The state of the state in 1994 was composite soil sampling, a dominantly wheat-based cropping system, and yield-goal-based fertilizer recommendations. First addressing site-specific soil sampling, I was surprised to find that zone soil sampling was an excellent predictor of residual nitrate ... D. Franzen |
26. Accounting for Nitrogen from Often Overlooked SourcesImproving nitrogen use efficiency has long been a goal of both researchers and producers. With increasing interest and adoption of regenerative agricultural practices, fertility strategies can change from traditional methods. However, changes in strategies are often not considered when adopting new practices. The goal of this presentation is to discuss potential sources of nitrogen that are often overlooked when developing nitrogen management strategies. For example, legume cover crops or rot... P. Delaune |
27. Impact of Tillage, Cover Cropping and Nitrogen Timing on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics in Texas Southern High Plains CottonCover cropping and no tillage are the most common conversation practices in the Texas Southern High Plains (TSHP) region. However, less than a quarter of cultivated acres in the region utilize these practices. Concerns over cover crop nutrient and water use, yield decline and increased cost are common barriers to adoption for TSHP producers, despite potential benefits such as reduced wind erosion and increased soil organic matter. For these conservation practices to be successful, adjustments... N. Boogades, K. Lewis, M. Mcdonald |
28. Soil N Crediting for Texas Wheat ProductionThe objectives of this research effort were to assess soil N crediting depth and yield-based N fertilizer recommendations across wheat producing regions of Texas. Trials were coordinated among six different regions in 2017, 2018, and/or 2019 for a cumulative 10 site-years (not all sites were represented in all years). Treatments comprised a 6 × 4 factorial with six yield-based N rates (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 lbs N per target bushel) and four N crediting depths (0, 0-6”, 0-12&r... R. Noland |
29. Comparison of Annual and Multi-year N-based and P-based Manure ApplicationsThis 4-yr study (2000-2003) compares beef manure application strategies in their impact on soil and plant nutrient concentrations and nutrient runoff and leaching. The treatments were a fertilizer control, annual N-based manure application, N-based applied every other year, annual P-based, P-based applied every other year, and P-based applied once every four years. By the third year of the study, soil test P levels in the soil surface reflected the amount of P2O5applied ... J. Davis, C. Truman, K. Iversen, K. Doesken |
30. Forages and Livestock to Diversify Wheat-based Cropping SystemIntegrating annual forages and ruminant livestock to intensify dryland cropping systems have the potential to increase profitability, increase water use efficiency, and improve soil health. The objective of this study was to determine the crop yield and soil property impacts of intensifying traditional no-till winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Moench)-fallow (W-GS-F) with annual forages as well as integrating livestock. This study was initiat... Z. Carson, A. Obour, J. Holman, K. Roozeboom |
31. Impacts of Crop Management on Grain Yield, Grain Quality, Cover Crop Biomass, Residue Cover, and Residual Nitrogen in Dryland SystemsCrop production depends on interactions among management practices, yet most studies evaluate the effect of individual practices rather than their interaction. This field experiment was established in 2024 at the Kansas State University Harold and Olympia Lonsinger Sustainability Farm (Osborne County, Kansas) to assess how combinations of common practices affect crop productivity and soil properties in a dryland system Treatments were a factorial combination of crop rotations (conti... J. Schwartze, D. Ruiz diaz, A. Obour, J. Holman, O. Brian, M. Reiman, A. Rosa |
32. Wheat Zinc Nutrition: Agronomic Biofortification That Delivers Yield and Better Grain NutritionLow Zn availability in calcareous soils is a common issue in the Canadian prairies, where much of the wheat is exported, making Canada one of the world’s largest wheat exporters. Globally, 19% of the population, mostly pregnant women, infants, and children, suffers from Zn deficiency, highlighting the need to enhance Zn bioavailability in wheat grain. Agronomic biofortification offers a promising strategy to improve grain nutrient density while optimizing plant health and development. W... M. Proulx, X. Gao |
33. Phosphorus and Potassium Impacts on Field Crop Production in the Intermountain WestMacronutrients such as phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulfur (S) are essential nutrients often required in large quantities for optimal plant growth, with fertilizers typically supplementing soil nutrients. Fertilizer recommendations can vary significantly depending on the source and greatly affect crop profitability. Guidelines in Utah and many other states in the region were developed decades ago and need to be reassessed. Current Utah State University (USU) Guidelines identify 15 mg kg... M. Baker, M.A. Yost |
34. Impacts of Nitrogen Rates and Enhanced Efficiency Products on Kansas CottonThe purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect that different nitrogen fertilizer rates and additives have on cotton. Response parameters included seed cotton yield and gin turnout (lint percentage), as well as fiber quality factors such as length, uniformity, micronaire, strength, and color. Nitrogen management is crucial for Kansas cotton, given its indeterminate growth and relatively short growing season. Conducting nitrogen fertilizer studies across environments to develop reg... C. Sohm, D. Ruiz diaz, L. Simon |
35. Influence of Nitrogen Management and Precipitation on Sorghum Nitrogen Use EfficiencyGrain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a key crop in Kansas which can benefit from optimized nitrogen (N) management that enhances yield while minimizing N losses. Understanding the relationships among physiological efficiency (PE), recovery efficiency (RE), and agronomic efficiency (AE), as well as their interactions with climatic factors such as precipitation, is essential for improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Experiments were conducted across five rai... M. Platero |
36. Sheep Grazing Preference and Nutrient Cycling Implications Among Cover Crop SpeciesThe vast and interspersed livestock and crop industries of Texas lend opportunity for livestock integration to benefit regional agricultural systems. Texas leads sheep production in the U.S. and small ruminant integration in crop systems has become an appealing opportunity in recent years due to strong meat markets and generally poor commodity crop markets. Many winter cover crops are likely suitable forages, and challenges of nutrient immobilization could be (at least partially) mitigated by... R. Matschek, R. Noland, N. Nielson, J. Thorne, M. Mcculloch |
37. Carbon and Nutrient Cycling in Texas Plains Regenerative CottonClimate change, drought, and economic pressures are likely to put extreme stress on agricultural production in the Texas High Plains, a region responsible for close to a third of the annual US cotton crop, over the next decade. As these threats increase, alternative production practices will need to be adopted to maintain long-term production viability in the region. A shift towards regenerative practice adoption could be a solution to this problem. Conventional cotton production involves int... N. Boogades, C. Cobos, J. Burke, K. Lewis |
38. Evaluating Charging and Inoculating Biochar Derived from Invasive Species Effects on Growth and Yield of Crops and Soil Health in Oxisol and Mollisol SoilsInvasive species like Leucaena are taking over arable-lands in Hawaii. Producing biochar using the invasive species can help with invasive species eradication, reclaiming arable-land, producing high-quality soil amendment, and improving soil health/crop productivity. Biochar is a carbon-rich amendment but it is still unclear whether biochar should be inoculated/charged before applying ... S. Meaney, A. Ahmad |
39. Defining Critical Tissue-Potassium Concentrations for Furrow Irrigated Corn ProductionPotassium (K) is a critical nutrient for adequate corn (Zea mays L.) production, and tissue testing is an essential tool to ensure adequate K nutrition. Despite the important role of K in plant physiological functions, there are no calibrated critical tissue-K concentrations (TKc) for furrow-irrigated corn in Arkansas. This study aimed to define critical TKc values to maximize corn grain yield across different growth stages. From 2022 to 2024, twelve single-site-year and four long-te... J. Silva, G. Drescher, T. Roberts, J. Kelley, A. Smartt, Q. Sarfaraz, W. Rongey, G. Andrade leite mengez, M. Ramos do prado |
40. Long-term Effects of Cover Cropping and Potassium and Phosphorus Fertilization on Soil Test Results in a Row Crop Production SystemPotassium (K) and phosphorus (P) availability can be affected by fertilizer inputs and the use of cover crops (CC) through their effects on nutrient cycling. This study aims to evaluate the long-term effects of CC and fertilizer-P and -K applications on soil-test K (STK) and soil-test P (STP) in two long-term field-scale experiments. Field trials were established in 2017 on silt-loam soils at the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station (LMCRS) and at the Rohwer Research Station (RRS), Arkansas. Each... J. Silva, G. Drescher, T. Roberts, N. Slaton, A. Smartt, Q. Sarfaraz, G. Andrade leite mengez, M. Ramos do prado |
41. Monitoring Nitrogen Transformations and Their Interaction with Potassium Uptake in Cotton Production SystemsUnderstanding the temporal dynamics of soil nitrogen (N) is critical for optimizing nutrient management in cotton production. This research monitored soil N transformations, specifically ammonium (NH₄⁺) and nitrate (NO₃⁻), throughout the cotton growing season. An additional focus was also placed on interactions between soil N forms and the uptake of essential plant nutrients, particularly potassium (K). Soil samples were collected at multiple depths and time points across different ma... J. Derrick, B. Arnall, N. Mathey, B. oliveira liberato, C. Camacho |
42. Genotypic Variation in Winter Wheat Yield Components Response to Nitrogen Management and Seeding DensityAchieving optimal winter wheat grain yield requires understanding genotypic variations in yield component formation under nitrogen (N) application timing and seeding density management strategies. This study evaluated whether modern winter wheat genotypes exhibit differential yield formation pathways under varying N timing and seeding rate conditions, and whether reducing N rates while increasing seeding density (or vice versa) could maintain yields while reducing input costs. Additionally, w... S. Abiola, A. Silva, S. Phillips, P.R. Abiola, B. Arnall |
43. Short-Term Changes in Soil Properties Following Simulated Wildfire After Winter Wheat HarvestWildfires on croplands can destroy residue cover, soil organic matter and negatively impact crops yields in semi-arid Great. Approximately 16 acre field of winter wheat stubble was subjected to wildfire event at Kansas State University Agricultural Research Center near Hays, KS to study management strategies that can restore soil health in croplands impacted by wildfires. Control burning to stimulated wildfire was done in summer 2025 by igniting fire on a down-wind corner at the i... P. Akporsoe, A. Obour, J. Holman, K. Harmoney, Z. Carson, L. Simon, D. Ruiz diaz |
44. Carbon & Nitrogen Transformation in Soil After Biosolids or Inorganic Fertilizer ApplicationBiosolids are nutrient rich organic residues which could be a potential alternative to conventional fertilizers. However, their C and N mineralization rates vary depending on treatment processes and soil properties. A laboratory incubation was carried out to evaluate C and N dynamics in contrasting soils by quantifying gaseous losses and assessing N transformations between organic and inorganic pools. Soils collected from Texas (sandy clay loam, pH: 8.4) and Florida (sandy loam, pH: 7.6) were... S. Bhatta, L. Slaughter, M. Siebecker, J. Adjei, K. Lewis, O. Gecgel, C. Alvarez-pugliese, K. Millerick, B. Rao, O. Mbuya, G.G. Botte |
45. Root-Restrictive Layer Depth As a Driver of Crop Yield VariabilityEvery soil possesses unique features shaped by its genesis-factors such as parent material, climate, topography, native vegetation and time. Interactions among geological and pedological factors contribute to spatially variable soil attributes causing variability in crop yield. Root-restrictive subsurface layers are formed at varying depths in soil due to interactions among the geological and natural soil-forming factors, and sometimes due to anthropogenic causes including compaction due to h... I. Kaur, S. Phillips |
46. Raw Manure Applications Combined with Nitrogen Stabilizers to Increase Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency in Cotton Production SystemsThe Texas Southern High Plains is one of the most productive cotton-growing regions in the United States. This region is also characterized by a high density of cattle production, resulting in substantial quantities of manure that present an opportunity for integration into regional cotton nutrient management programs. Cotton production in this area is challenged by inherently low soil organic matter and low precipitation. Application of raw cattle manure has the potential to increa... N. E curbelo, K. Lewis |
47. Maize Response to Nitrogen and Sulfur Fertilization RatesDue to reduced atmospheric deposition and advancements in agronomic management, sulfur (S) deficiency has become an increasing concern in maize production systems. Because S plays a fundamental role in nitrogen (N) metabolism, S availability may influence maize yield response to N fertilization. This study evaluated maize response to N and S fertilization rates across six locations in Oklahoma. Field experiments were conducted using a randomized complete block design with 14 treatments and fo... N. Mathey, J. Derrick, B. Arnall |
48. Evaluating the Existing Calibration Curve for Sensor-Based N Management in Grain SorghumNitrogen (N) response in grain sorghum is spatially and temporally variable, complicating estimation of optimum N rates and limiting the effectiveness of uniform fertilizer recommendations. This study evaluated within-field and year-to-year variability in N response using block-level response modeling and soil variability analysis. Field experiments were conducted in Stillwater, Oklahoma, during the 2024 and 2025 growing seasons using six N fertilizer rates (0,39, 79, 118, 157, and 196 kg N h... D. Pokharel |
49. Evaluating Side-Dress N Application Method in SorghumGrain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is a resilient cereal crop widely grown across the Great Plains, where nitrogen (N) management decisions are often constrained by equipment availability and application timing. While in-season N applications may improve flexibility for producers, concerns remain regarding potential leaf injury (“nitrogen burn”) from high-rate applications. This study evaluated the effects of N source and app... B. Arnall, C. Camacho |
50. Does Phosphorus and Potassium Timing or Rate Drive Productivity in Oklahoma Wheat-soybean Double-cropping?Wheat-soybean double cropping is an economically important system in Oklahoma and the Southern Great Plains that allows producers to maximize land productivity and profitability within a single growing season. However, the compressed soybean growing season and high nutrient demand of both crops create unique phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) management challenges not addressed by Oklahoma’s full-season recommendation. This study evaluated the effects of P and K application timing (fall, ... C. Ejezie, S. Phillips |
51. How Do Nitrogen, Irrigation, and Seeding Density Affect Corn Production?This study investigates how multispectral and thermal UAV imagery can refine nitrogen and irrigation management in a corn experiment consisting of 107 plots in the Oklahoma Panhandle. Four nitrogen rates (0, 100, 175, 250 lb N acre⁻¹), three irrigation regimes (16, 20, 24 inches), and three plant population targets (24 k, 28 k, 32 k plants acre⁻¹) are factorially arranged as a split-plot design across the field. Six UAV flights during the growing season acquire paired multispect... A. Biaou, A. Biaou |
52. Evaluation of E-Grow Effects on Soil Plant Systems Gas ExchangeE-Grow is a novel fertilizer which effect on the soil- plant system is critical for understanding it’s impact on the crop productivity and environmental sustainability in agricultural operations that will be crucial for updating nutrient application recommendations, to understand this we conducted an experiment with the main objective of this study is to determine the effect of E-Grow on CO2 and H2O fluxes in agricultural soil and soil- cotton plant systems (seedling stage). This experi... V. Sabbineni, E. Enninful, S. Jacobo, O. Gecgel, G.G. Botte, H. Laza, C. Simpson, L. Slaughter, Y. Emendack |